命题特点 考点点击:情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等,它是英语动词中最难把握的一类,也是每年高考必考内容。 命题热点:为情态动词的基本用法辨析,情态动词表示态度的用法辨析,情态动词表示推测的用法辨析,情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。 考查形式:主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。 典例精析 一、考查情态动词的基本用法 一些常见情态动词的非常用意义往往为高考考查的焦点,考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。 例1:“The interest ______be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. (2004重庆) A. may B. should C. must D. shall 例2:— The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it? — Of course. (2003北京春) A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do 分析:上述两题均考查 shall的非常用含义,当shall用于一、三人称疑问句中时,表示征求对方意见;用于二、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。上述三题答案分别为D、B。 例3:He’s strange -- he ____ sit for hours without saying anything. A. shall B. will C. can D. must 分析:will用来谈习惯和特性,尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为“他很怪,能一坐几个小时一句话也不说”。答案为B。 例4:John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour?(2005全国Ⅲ) A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 例5:Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this!(2005全国II) A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not 分析:must用于疑问句,表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩,意思为“偏要,硬要、干嘛”;而mustn’t则表示禁止、不允许,是说话人强有力的劝告。故答案分别为A、B。 例6:You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海) A. might B. need C. should D. would 分析:在某些名词性从句中,should 表示惊异、意外等情绪,常译为“竟然”。答案分别为C。如:It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平,这件事竟然发生在我身上。 例7:_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must 分析:在条件状语从句中,should 表示“万一”,即可表示不能实现的假设,又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨,会议就延期。”答案为A。 例8:A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (2003全国卷) A. should B. can C. must D. will 例9:The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______be very slow. (2005浙江) A. should B. must C. will D. can 分析:can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句中,用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性,用来表达事件或情况可能发生(但并不牵涉到是否真的会发生)。故答案分别为B、D。 二、考查情态动词的推测用法 1、对现在或客观事实的推测 对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用must, will, should, may(might)或could,语气依次递减。 例10:Helen _____go on the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet. (2005安徽) A. shall B. must C. may D. can 例11:—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake. —It ___ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东) A. has to be B. will be C. mustn’t be D. could be 例12:That, I think, ____ be all that I want to say. A. can B. could C. will D. ought to 分析:must的语气最强,译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,译为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(might)译为“也许、大概”,表示把握不大的推断,后面常跟but。could的语气最弱,译为“也许”、“可能”。答案分别为C、D、C。 对现在或客观事实的否定推测,常用cannot译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”,表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not或could not译为“可能不”、“也许不”,表示推测的语气不很肯定。 例13:You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture.(2004上海春) A. must B. shall C. may D. need 例14:--Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there? --No, it _______ be him ---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. (2004全国Ⅰ) A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not 分析:在例13中,might just as well表示“最好……,还是……为好”,说明喜欢的可能性不大,故用may not。例14,根据后面的I’m sure可以看出,推测的语气较强,故用can’t译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩,常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为C、A。 对现在或客观事实的疑问推测,往往用can或could,而不用may/might。 例15:Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(2001上海春) A. can B. should C. may D. must [1] [2] [3] 下一页
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