分析:对现在或客观事实的疑问推测,往往用can或could,表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感情色彩。答案为A。 2、对过去事实的推测 对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”,“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句,“may/might+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大,只能用于肯定或否定句,不用于疑问句;对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /may’might not + have + v-ed”,意思为“不可能/可能没做过……”;对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”,意思为“可能已经……”。 例16:He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005北京) A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 分析:根据后一分句判断,前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作,故用“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为B。 例17:My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture.(2000上海) A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended 分析:must表推测时,不用于否定,needn’t have +v-ed 表示“本来没有必要”,shouldn’t have +v-ed表示“本来不应该”,“can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过……”。故答案为A。 例18:--Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. -- Well. He ______ have gone far----his coat’s still here.(2005湖北) A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t 分析:can’t have gone far 在此表示现在对过去所发生事情的否定推测,意思为“现在不可能走远了”;答案为C。 三、考查情态动词的虚拟用法 例19:—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. --You________ her last week. (2004福建) A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told 分析:对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用“情态动词+have + v-ed”,据此可排除答案A、C,而would+have +v-ed常用于过去的虚拟语气中,should(ought to)+ have + v-ed”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做,含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。故答案为D。 例20:He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. (2005山东) A. could B. would C. must D. need 分析:“could+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中,表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成,含有遗憾的意味,侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为:“他花钱买了座位,而他本来可以免费进去的”。答案为A。 例21:You should not have swum in that river. You ____ have been eaten by fish. A. must B. may C. will D. might 分析:前一分句的should not have swum表示责备,后一分句则表明有被鱼吃掉的可能性。“might+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中,表示本来有可能做成某事但结果没能做成,含有遗憾的意味,侧重有某种可能性但没能做成。 例22:—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. —Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself. (2005福建) A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done 分析:“needn’t+ have + v-ed” 表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事,无批评责备之意,只是惋惜而已。如You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的,因为天就要下雨了。答案为B。 备考建议 掌握情态动词的基本词义及其用法是把握情态动词的关键,同时要认真比较每个情态动词的用法,注意其细微差别,如shall, can, must, should, will的用法差异;熟悉每个情态动词的适用场合,根据语境及说话人的语气选择恰当的情态动词,如用于推测时,must只用于肯定句中,can一般不能用于肯定句中。may/might不能用于疑问句中;牢记情态动词表示推测的用法,尤其是对过去发生情况的推测;积累虚拟语气的用法,尤其是一些句势和特殊情况。 06年展望 随着高考命题改革的深入,命题的角度和思路都在翻新,但不管怎样变化,还是脱离不了词的基本词义、词与词在使用上的细微差别和基本的语法框架。通过对近几年高考情态动词考点的分析、探究,可以看出高考对情态动词的考查非常稳定,即情态动词的基本用法和推测用法。高考考点的 “稳定性”告诉我们:高考英语命题是有规律的,不仅有规律,而且有很强的规律性。在复习迎考过程中,不仅要认真准备书本上成百上千的知识点(这是基础),但更重要的还要去研究历届高考试题中的重要考点(这是捷径),提高复习效率。 情态动词考点透视 练兵场 1. Has it been warned that all the children in this area ____ stay at their homes until the Bird Flu has been controlled? A. can B. willl C. may D. shall 2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 3. Jack _____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrived 4. Sir, you ______be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only. 上一页 [1] [2] [3] 下一页
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