一、不一致
不一致包括主谓不一致、数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致等。
例:When one have money,he can do what he want to do.
剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而have应为has。同理,want应为wants。
改为:Once one has money,he can do what he wants (to do).
二、修饰语错位
例:I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.
剖析:better位置不当,应置于句末。
三、悬垂修饰语
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。
例:To do well in college,good grades are essential.
剖析:不定式短语 to do well in college的逻辑主语不清楚。
改为:To do well in college,a student needs good grades.
四、词性误用
例:None can negative the importance of money.
剖析:negative 系形容词,误作为动词。
改为:None can deny the importance of money.
五、指代不清
例 : Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid(伴娘).
剖析:读者无法判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。
改为 : Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
六、不间断句子
例:There are many ways we get to know the outside world.
剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思,简单地把它们连在一起不妥当。
改为: There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.
七、累赘
语言以简洁为贵,要尽量避免累赘。
例:In spite of the fact that he is lazy,I like him.
剖析:the fact that he is lazy系同谓语从句,可简化。
改为 : In spite of his laziness,I like him.
又如:For the people who are diligent and kind,money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.
改为:Diligent,caring people use money only to buy what they need.
八、不连贯
不连贯是指一个句子前言不搭后语,或是结构上不通畅。
例:The fresh water, it is the most important thing of the earth.
剖析:The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。
改为:Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.