B. examination and equality

　　C. opportunity and employment

　　D. standards and reputation

　　主题分析 文章第一句We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.即点明文章的主题句：从正反两方面讨论考试作为一种升学就业的手段的公平性及其合理性。所以第85题答案为B“考试与公平”。

　　有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意，所以有时要找出这样的信息，从中提炼标题或归纳大意。

　　2． 抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想

　　寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”；考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。

　　例 2002北京春季B篇

　　There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power（原子能）． First，the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station．Although the power stations themselves are strongly built，the containers used for the transport of the materials are not．Normally，only two methods of transport are in use，namely road or rail．Unfortunately，both of these may have an effect on the general public，since they are sure to pass near，or even through，heavily populated areas．

　　Second，there is the problem of waste．All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years．It is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive，and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented．For example，they may be buried under the ground，or dropped into deserted mines， or sunk in the sea．However，these methods do not solve the problem，since an earthquake could easily break the containers．

　　Third，there may occur the danger of a leak（泄漏）or an explosion at the power station．As with the other two dangers，this is not very likely，so it does not provide a serious objection to the nuclear program．However，it can happen．

　　Separately，these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry．Taken together， though，the probability of disaster（灾难）is extremely high．

　　64. What is the passage about？

　　A． Uses of nuclear power．

　　B． Dangers from nuclear power．

　　C． Public anger at nuclear power．

　　D． Accidents caused by nuclear power．

　　主题分析 第一段点明全文主旨：There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power（原子能）.为文章的主题句。接着从三个方面论述主题：First…，Second…，Third… ，段首第一句分别为各段的主题句，层次分明，结构清晰，最后一段作者进一步归纳全文大意：Dangers from nuclear power。此题答案为B。

　　3． 抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心

　　要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了那几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。

　　例 NMET1999全国卷A篇51题

　　Tom Brennan was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.

　　This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure——a 120-page diary kept 190 years age by Deborah Logan, “a woman who knew everybody in her day,”James Green,the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.

　　Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia,It also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington.D. C in the war of 1812.She describes President James Madison on horseback as “perfectly shaking with fear” during the troubled days. George Washington, she writes, mistook her for the wife of a French man， and praised her excellent English．

　　The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor(祖先)to the Library Company, which he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary.

　　Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession “about five minutes” when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person. On returning to his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realize that he had left it in the taxi.

　　Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck, “I’ve felt sick since then, ”Luxmoore told reporters.

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