It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood_____ to her mother.

　　(北京2002)

　　A. close B. closely

　　C. closed D. closing

　　4.The first thing she did was go up to her trainer and thank her for all her help during her training. (L.35)

　　go up to her trainer and thank her...为并列的两个不定式短语在句中作表语,其前省去了不定式符号to。 
注意: what引导的名词性从句作主语,或all, everything等后接定语从句作主语,从句谓语部分含有动词do或do的其他形式时,作表语的不定式常可省略不定式符号to。另外,表示并列关系的两个不定式,后一个不定式符号to常常省略,但当两个不定式表示对比关系时,不定式符号to常不可省略。如:

　　The only thing you can do now is (to) wait for the bus.

　　你现在唯一可以干的事情是等公交车。

　　What you must do now is (to) ask the teacher for help.

　　你现在必须去做的是寻求老师的帮助。

　　All he did was (to) make others work. 他所做的不过是让别人干活。

　　I like to criticize but not to be criticized. 我喜欢批评(别人)而不喜欢被批评。

　　[高考示例]

　　The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _____it more difficult. (NMET1999)

　　A. not make B. not to make

　　C. not making 　 D. do not make

　　5. Now...what was the name of the hotel he had stayed in the last time he was in Cairo?(L.38)

　　the last time是名词词组用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“上次(做)……的时候”。the first/next time, the moment/ minute/ instant等名词词组也有类似用法。如:

　　He was seriously ill the last time I saw him.

　　我上次见到他时,他病得很厉害。

　　I sent you the news the instant I heard it.

　　我一听到这消息就立刻通知你了。

　　[高考示例]

　　I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her. (上海1998)

　　A. first time B. for the first time

　　C. the first time D. by the first time

　　6. He held out his hand and stopped a taxi. (L.38)

　　hold out伸出;维持; hold back 阻止;抑制(情感、情绪等);hold on等一下(不要挂电话);停住;坚持住;hold on to 抓住,抓牢(某人或某物);不把某物给予或售予他人; hold up举起;阻碍或延误(某人或某物)。如:

　　The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.

　　老板再也抑制不住怒火了。

　　Road-works on the highway are holding up traffic.

　　高速公路上的道路施工影响了交通。

　　They managed to hold on until help arrived. 他们设法坚持住直到救援到来。

　　We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out.

　　我们的供应品能维持多久,我们就能在这里呆多久。

 

 

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